F.Sc. Biology Book2, CH 24; Evolution
This chapter covers: Introduction; Concept of evolution vs special creation; Evolution from prokaryotes to eukaryotes; Inheritance of acquired charateristics; Evidence of evolution; Natural selection and artificial selections Population, Gene pool; Allele; Genotypic frequencies Hardy-Weinberg Theorem; Factors affecting gene frequencies; Endangered species
F.Sc. Biology Book2, CH 25; Ecosystem
This chapter covers: Introduction; Ecosystem; Biosphere; Autecology; synecology Biotic and Abiotic componentsa and interaction between them; Food Web Succession; Predation and its significance; Parasitism and its significance Symbiosis; Mutualism; Commensalism; Grazing; Biogeochemical cycles Flow of energy in food chain of an ecosystem
F.Sc. Biology Book2, CH 26; Some Major Ecosystems
This chapter covers: Climate; Aquatic of Hydrospheric Ecosystem; Productivity of Aquatic Ecosystem Intervention of man in aquatic environment; Terrestrial ecosystem Adaptations and Divisio of terrestrial ecosystem; Some major ecosytems in Pakistan
F.Sc. Biology Book1, CH 1; Introduction
F.Sc. Biology Book1, CH 2; Biological Molecules
F.Sc. Biology Book1, CH 4; The Cell
F.Sc. Biology Book 1, CH 5; Variety of Life
F.Sc. Biology Book1, CH 10; Kingdom Animalia
F.Sc. Biology Book1, CH 11; Bioenergetics
F.Sc. Biology Book1, CH 12; Nutrition
